In the Process of digestion Substances are in food are break down and are used for energy growth and repair. The digestive system depends on the action of small substances called enzymes that are responsible for all the chemical reactions that happen trough the digestive process.
The process of digestion begins in the mouth, were food being chewed by teeth and the salivary glands start a secretion of the enzyme ptyalin. This enzyme starts breaking some of the carbohydrates into smaller molecules.
Food then travels through the oesophagus and down into the stomach. Here the mixture of chemicals such as Hydrocrolic acid, mucus and the enzyme pepsin is mixed with them. Ptyalin stops working but a series of chemicals reaction begins.
The hormone gastrin stimulates the stomach cells to release the hydrochloric acid and pepsisn after food is in the stomach. Mucus secretion prevents the stomach from becoming damaged by acid that is released from the hydrochloric acid and other enzymes. That is why when acidity reaches a certain level the gastrin production stops.
When food leaving the stomach, an acid liquid called chyme enters to the duodenum, which is the first part of the small intestine. The duodenum makes and releases large quantities of mucus, again to protect it from being damage.
The duodenum has other functions. It receives large quantities of digestive juices from the pancreas, and considerable quantities of bile which after been stored in the gallbladder it becomes more powerful and increases it potency on breaking down lipids.
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